Homework 9/16/15

Placebo affect: 
    If one believes a treatment will " work" or have a certain effect then the person to believe that effect is occurring 

placebo= fake or inactive substance/ treatment 

Hawthorne affect:
     People act differently/ monitor their behavior when they know they're being watched. 

Halo affect: 
When 1 quality of a person overwhelm/ overshadows the other qualities 
( can be negative or positive) 

Defense Mechanisms ✓

Compensation: emphasizing personal strengths in one area to shift focus from failure in another area ( overshadowing)

Denial: Refusing to accept an obvious situation because of emotional pain it causes.

Displacement: taking out one's anger or frustration on a person or object that is not the cause of the offense

Identification: Associating with people or groups that are of a higher status in order to increase your own status

Intellectualization: Describing painful or emotional personal events in academic or philosophical terms

Projection: Casting the feelings you have onto another person: Blaming another person for the feelings you have.
Hypocritical

Rationalization: Making logical excuses for illogical behavior

Reaction formation: Replacing feelings that are socially or personally unacceptable with emotions that are acceptable

Regression: Reverting to childlike behavior to get the attention you got when you were younger or to get your way

Repression: Unconsciously forgetting information that is too painful to recall

Sublimation: Using exercise or physical activity as a substitute for sexual energies

Operant Conditioning ✓

Operant Conditioning: Increasing or decreasing the likelihood or behavior on consequences

     Reinforcement: Increases Behavior
      Punishment: Decreases Behavior

Reinforcers: 
  Negative Reinforcer: Anything you find displeasing
  Positive Reinforcer: Anything you find pleasing
* Pleasing or displeasing is determined by the person who is being subject to the conditioning. ( A certain kind of reinforcer might be different from another)

Positive Reinforcement: Presentation of a positive reinforcer ( Giving a reward)
Negative Reinforcement: Removal of a negative reinforcer, taking away something bad. ( Not punishment)

Positive Punishment: Presentation of a negative : Giving you something you don't like
Negative Punishment: Removal of a positive reinforcer: taking away something you like.